Comparison of Sharia Business Law Opinions on Fine Sanctions For Late Payment of Installments in Sharia Financial Institutions
Abstract
Islamic Financial Institutions are financial institutions whose operations are based on Sharia principles or Islamic legal rules in the financial transactions that are carried out. Closely to conventional financial institutions, fines for late payment of installments by customers are also applied by Islamic financial institutions whose legality refers to the DSN-MUI fatwa on sanctions against capable customers who delay payments. The issue of fines eventually creates problems and debates on its legality and relevance to sharia principles. This research aimed to compare sharia business law opinions on issues of fines for late installment payments at Islamic financial institutions. The research method employed was normative legal research with a comparative approach. The research results revealed the difference of opinions on the existence and legal status of these fines in Islamic financial institutions. Leastwise, there are two legal opinions: (1) it is permissible on condition that fines are only given to capable customers who delay payments (under specific criteria, not absolute permissibility) and that fines must be designated as social funds. Meanwhile, (2) disapproving opinion to assume that this fine is similar to usury; hence, it is forbidden.
Downloads
References
Azhari, Teuku Arie, dan Burhanudin Harahap. “Analisis Penerapan Biaya Atas Keterlambatan Pembayaran Atau Denda Dalam Pembiayaan Al Murabahah Pada Perbankan Syariah.” Jurnal Repertorium 5, no. 2 (2018).
Aziz, Muhammad Sulthon. “Tinjauan Syari’ah terhadap Klausul Denda pada Perjanjian (Akad).” El-Faqih: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Hukum Islam 4, no. 1 (2018): 88–102.
Badri, Muhammad Arifin. Riba dan Tinjauan Kritis Perbankan Syariah. Bogor: Darul Ilmi, 2012.
Baihaqî, Abû Bakar Ahmad bin al Husain bin ‘Alî bin ‘Abdullah bin Mûsa al Khusraujirdî al. as-Sunan al-Kubrâ. Vol. 6. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 2003.
Bukhârî, Abû ‘Abdullah Muhammad bin Ismâ’îl bin Ibrahim bin al Mughîrah bin Bardizbah al Ju’fi al. Shahîh al-Bukhârî. Vol. 3. Beirut: Dâr Thauq an-Najah, 2001.
Dâruquthnî, Abû al Hasan ‘Alî bin Ahmad bin Mahdî bin Mas’ûd bin an Nu’mân bin Dînar al Baghdâdî ad. Sunan ad-Dâruquthnî. Vol. 5. Beirut: Muassasah ar-Risâlah, 2004.
Harmoko, Irfan. “Analisis penerapan denda keterlambatan pembayaran angsuran dalam akad pembiayaan murabahah di bank syariah (berdasarkan fatwa no. 17/DSN-MUI/IX/2000).” Qawãnïn Journal of Economic Syaria Law 3, no. 1 (2019): 32–49.
Khomayny, Muchlish, dan Muhammad Wahyuddin Abdullah. “Perlakuan Denda Pembiayaan Berbasis Konsep Al-Adl Dalam Menjaga Eksistensi Bisnis Bank Syariah.” Jurnal Iqtisaduna 6, no. 2 (2020): 91–103.
Madanî, Mâlik bin Anas bin Mâlik bin Âmir al Ashbâhî al. al-Muwaththa’. Vol. 2. Beirut: Dâr Ihyâ’ at-Turâts al- Ârab, 1985.
Manan, Siti Khadijah Ab., dan Norlela Kamaluddin. “The Underlying Contracts Of Islamic Banking (IB) Products And Some Related Issues In The Current Practice.” Malaysian Accounting Review 9, no. 2 (2010): 1–16.
Naisâbûrî, Abû ‘Abdullah al Hâkim Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Hamdawaih bin Nu’aim bin al Hakam adh Dhabî ath Thahmânî an. al-Mustadrak ‘alâ ash-Shahîhain. Vol. 2. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1990.
Naisabûri, Abû al Hasan Muslim bin al Hallaj al Qusyairi an. Shahîh Muslim. Vol. 3. Beirut: Dâr Ihyâ’ at-Turâts al-‘Arabî, t.t.
Nasâ’î, Abû ‘Abdurrahman Ahmad bin Syu’aib bin ‘Alî al Khurâsânî an. Sunan an-Nasâ’î. Vol. 7. Aleppo: Maktab al-Mathbû’ât al-Islâmiyyah, 1986.
Nawawi, Ismail. Fikih Muamalah Klasik dan Kontemporer. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia, 2012.
Ningsih, Maya Kristia, Abdul Wahab Abd Muhaimin, dan Umi Khusnul Khotimah. “Implementasi Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 17 Pada Pembayaran Angsuran Pembiayaan Kepemilikan Rumah Menggunakan Akad Murabahah di Bank Syariah Indonesia Jakarta Pusat.” Al-Mizan: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Islam 7, no. 2 (2023): 37–66.
Qardhawi, Yusuf. Fatwa-fatwa Kontemporer. Diterjemahkan oleh As’ad Yasin. Vol. 3. Jakarta: Gema Insai Pers, 2002.
Qazwînî, Abû Abdullah Muhammad Bin Yazîd bin Mâjah al. Sunan Ibnu Mâjah. Vol. 2. Kairo: Dâr al-Ihya’ al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyah, t.t.
Sahroni, Oni. Fikih Muamalah Kontemporer. Jakarta: Republika, 2019.
———. Ushul Fikih Muamalah: Kaidah-kaidah Ijtihad dan Fatwa dalam Ekonomi Islam. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2017.
Sijistânî, Abû Dâwud Sulaimân bin al Asy’ats bin Ishâq bin Basyîr bin Syidâd bin ‘Amrû al-Azdî as. Sunan Abû Dâwud. Vol. 3. Beirut: Maktabah al-‘Ashriyah, t.t.
Suherli, Ian Rakhmawan, Iu Rusliana, dan Pandu Pribadi. “Kelemahan Fatwa Dan Implementasinya Dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Kontemporer.” TAFAQQUH: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Dan Ahwal Syahsiyah 7, no. 1 (11 Agustus 2022): 56–72.
Syaibânî, Abû ‘Abdullah Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Hanbal bin Hilâl bin bin Asad asy. Musnad Ahmad. Vol. 29. Beirut: Muassasah ar-Risâlah, 2001.
———. Musnad Ahmad. Vol. 5. Beirut: Muassasah ar-Risâlah, 2001.
Tarmizi, Erwandi. Harta Haram Muamalat Kontemporer. Bogor: Berkat Mulia Insani, 2017.
Thabrânî, Abû al Qâsim Sulaimân bin Ahmad bin Ayyûb bin Muthair al Lakhmî asy Syâmî ath. al-Mu’jam al-Ausath. Vol. 1. Kairo: Dâr al-Haramain, t.t.
Tirmidzî, Abû ‘îsâ Muhammad bin ‘îsâ bin Saurah bin Mûsa bin adh Dhahâk at. Sunan at-Tirmidzî. Vol. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Gharb al-Islami, 1998.
———. Sunan at-Tirmidzî. Vol. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Gharb al-Islami, 1998.
Wijoyo, Hadion. “Analisis Pengendalian Internal Dalam Pemberian Kredit Pada PT Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) Indomitra Mandiri.” TIN: Terapan Informatika Nusantara 1, no. 4 (2020): 157–62.
1.png)
1.png)
