Legal Awareness for Adolescents: Education on the Risks of Online Loans and Muamalah Literacy
Abstract
The rapid expansion of online lending in Indonesia has increased adolescents' exposure to illegal loans, personal data misuse, consumptive debt, and misleading PayLater schemes, while their financial and legal literacy remains limited. This community service program aimed to strengthen legal awareness and muamalah literacy among Grade XII students of Sigi State High School No. 7 by integrating positive law, digital risk mitigation, and Islamic financial ethics. The program applied a Community-Based Research approach combined with community education through observation, interactive counseling, discussion, and pre-test post-test evaluation involving 50 students. The materials covered legality of online loan platforms, consumer rights, personal data protection, OTP and phishing risks, loan stacking, and Islamic principles of debt and responsible spending. The findings show a meaningful improvement in students’ understanding, with the average score increasing from 7.04 in the pre-test to 8.78 in the post-test. Statistical testing confirmed a significant difference, t(49) = 4.927; p < 0.001. The program also improved positive law understanding, digital risk mitigation, and sharia financial ethics. Thus, integrative legal and muamalah education is an effective preventive model for protecting adolescents from illegal online loans and unsafe digital financial behavior.
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