The Teaching Methods of the Prophet Muhammad to His Companions and Their Relevance to Islamic Religious Education in Schools

Abstract

The teaching methods of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ to his Companions serve as the foundation of Islamic education, which remains relevant to be applied in the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in schools. The Prophet did not merely convey knowledge theoretically but also through exemplary conduct, dialogue, question-and-answer sessions, demonstrations, repetition, and direct practice. This study aims to examine the teaching methods of the Prophet and their relevance to Islamic education in modern schools. It employs a library research method by analyzing both classical and contemporary literature. The findings reveal that the Prophet’s methods—such as role modeling (uswah hasanah), consultation (musyawarah), storytelling, direct practice, and habituation—can be integrated into PAI learning in schools to foster students’ cognitive understanding, religious attitudes, and worship skills. Therefore, the Prophet’s educational model can serve as a reference for PAI teachers in developing more interactive, contextual, and meaningful learning experiences.